地形图综合对数字化的需求

地形图综合必须以数字景观模型为基础,因此,数字化时必须保证目标的景观特征的完整性。本文在分析地形图自动综合的规律基础上讨论了在数字化地形图时应遵循的原则。     

地史时期地震事件的岩石学证据——以四川峨眉晚侏罗世湖泊沉积中的震积岩为例

震积岩(物)是地史时期地震事件的岩石学记录,其震积层序自下而上由微型递变断裂层、微褶皱层、碎块层和液化均一层组成。震积岩可作为古地震计,以了解地史时期地震的时空分布、地震强度和迁移规律。以作者发现的峨眉震积岩为例,描述了震积层序中的各种特征,总结了认识和辨别震积岩的标志     

天然饱水条件下黄铁矿氧化过程的热力学探讨

本文从化学热力学角度讨论了黄铁矿在低温低压条件下通过化学作用氧化的历程,指出了决定黄铁矿氧化速率的步骤是黄铁矿的溶解作用,并对一实际水样进行了化学反应的平衡分析     

Rheological Properties of Mantle Peridotites at Yushigou in the North Qilian Mountains and Their Implicationsfor Plate Dynamics

This paper discusses in detail the deformation textures, glide system, petrofabrics and olivine dislocation microstructures of mantle peridotites at Yushigou in the North Qilian Mountains, northwestern China. The peridotites have undergone high-pressure, high-temperature and low-strain rate plastic flow deformation. According to the dynamic recrystallized-grain size of olivine and the average spacing between the dislocation walls as well as the chemical composition of enstatite, the authors calculated the rheological parameters of the ancient upper mantle in the study area as follows: temperatures 1025-1093℃; pressures 3043-4278 MPa; depths 95-132 km; deviatoric stress 28-32 MPa; strain rates 0.2×10-14-2.13×10-14s-1 and equivalent viscosities 0.45×1020-4.65×1020 Pa · s. These parameters suggest that the position where plastic flow took place was correspondent to the low-velocity zone beneath the oceanic lithosphere and that oceanization characterized by middle-velocity (1-3 cm/a) sea-floor spreadi     

提高TDI摆扫航空相机镜筒扫描控制系统响应速度的方法

提出了一种速度给定系统模型，并给出实现该系统的电路图，用来解决控制系统在用模拟电路实现时，由于给定值扰动，使放大器饱和所导致的系统实际放大倍数降低，从而减慢系统响应速度的问题。通过仿真试验和在TDI摆扫航空相机中的应用试验表明，采用本文所述系统有效地提高了相机镜筒扫描速度系统的响应速度。     

浙江省特色小镇的空间结构特征及影响因素研究

选取浙江省189个特色小镇为研究样本,运用最邻近点指数、地理集中指数、地理联系率、核密度指数等方法研究特色小镇的分布规律及影响因素。结果表明：① 浙江省特色小镇类型丰富,可以划分为信息经济、环保、健康、旅游、时尚、金融、高端装备制造以及历史经典8个类型;② 浙江省特色小镇整体空间分布趋于集聚,空间结构属于凝聚型;③ 八大类型中信息经济和金融类特色小镇集聚程度高,高端设备制造和旅游类特色小镇数量多、布局分散;④ 经济基础、人口密度、产业集群创新和城镇化水平是影响特色小镇分布的主要因素。     

中国大陆现今垂直形变特征的初步探讨

利用GPS观测资料进行大范围的垂直形变特征研究是本文研究的重点。通过网络工程基准站和基本站的GPS观测资料，绘制了中国大陆的垂直速率等值线图像，并对中国大陆垂直运动特征进行了定性的分析，结果表明：中国大陆垂直运动在70％以上的区域表现为沉降运动，在青藏高原和除北京外的整个华北块体及燕山块体的垂直运动表现为隆升的趋势。中国大陆西北和东南、西南和东北的整体垂直运动呈一种斜对称状态。对基于GPS观测所得的等值线图与基于水观测所得的等值线图进行了比较，比较结果显示，除了华南块体外，二者在整体趋势上比较一致。     

General Entropy Model of Line Segments Uncertainty in GIS

Spatial data uncertainty can directly affect the quality of digital products and GIS-based decision making. On the basis of the characteristics of randomicity of positional data and fuzziness of attribute data, taking entropy as a measure, the stochastic entropy model of positional data uncertainty and fuzzy entropy model of attribute data uncertainty are proposed. As both randomic-ity and fuzziness usually simultaneously exist in linear segments, their omnibus effects are also investigated and quantified. A novel uncertainty measure, general entropy, is presented. The general entropy can be used as a uniform measure to quantify the total un-certainty caused by stochastic uncertainty and fuzzy uncertainty in GIS.     

Geochemical Characteristics of Sinian Manganese Deposits in China

Sinian is one of the main periods of the formation of manganese deposits in China. Sinian manganesedeposits are mainly hosted in carbon-rich black shale and siliceous shale formed during the Sinian interglacial period. The composition of manganese ore is simple. The main ore mineral is manganiferous carbonates. The grade of manganese ore is about 16-25%, with Mn/Fe>5 and P/Mn=0.006-0.14. Based on the tectonic setting and geological and geochemical characteristics of manganese deposits, this paper discusses the process of migration and concentration of manganese and ore-forming conditions of Sinian manganese deposits in China.     

Geochronology and Significance of Granites Associated with Gold Deposits in the Jidong Area, China

The Jidong area is located on the north margin of the North China craton. It is a nucleus composed of the oldest rocks in China. Precambrian metamorphic rocks with various Phanerozoic granitoids invaded are widespread. Gold deposits here have close spatial relations to granitoids. Some deposits occur within them and others in the outer zone of the contact belt of the intrusion, extending thousands of metres. There have been controversial views in regard to the relations of the deposits to the intrusions although traditional techniques have been used to date the intrusions. In order to solve such a problem, the SHRIMP technique was adopted to date the U-Pb ages of zircon collected from the Yuerya intrusion which hosts the large-sized Yuerya Au deposit and Qingshankou intrusion 2 km away from the Jinchangyu (larger-sized) Au deposit. Analysis shows that the ages of 175±1 Ma and 174±3 Ma for Yuerya intrusion and the age of 199±2 Ma for Qingshankou granite indicate the Early Yanshanian stage of the Meso-